What contributes more to life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions of farm produce: Production, transportation, packaging, or food loss?
نویسندگان
چکیده
The food production and supply systems are some of the biggest contributors to climate change, loss from entire chain aggravates problem. We developed a model estimate GHG emissions cycle (production, packaging, transportation, refrigeration, waste management), applied it cherries, onions, plums, first time these produce have been assessed comprehensively in United States. pulled into analysis 6 additional fruits vegetables for which California accounts more than 50% U.S. we at least partially earlier: strawberries, avocados, lemons, celery, oranges, tomatoes. uncertainty 34 parameters through Monte Carlo simulation. total life-cycle losses one unit plums produced 66%, 57%, 44%, respectively. consumer stage contributes most eight nine produce. results show that 19–61%, transportation 14–46%, packaging 11–31%, farm 7.7–30% emissions. Alternative was also explored. Polyethylene bags substituted with PLA can lower food-loss-inclusive by only 7%, 5%, 4% tomatoes, oranges Forgoing retail-provided PE not pre-packaged could reduce 12%, 10%, 6%, 9 be significantly reduced decreasing consumer-level loss. For tomatoes half due offset forgoing retail stores.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Resources Conservation and Recycling
سال: 2022
ISSN: ['1879-0658', '0921-3449']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105945